@prefix : . @prefix owl: . @prefix rdf: . @prefix xml: . @prefix xsd: . @prefix rdfs: . @prefix skos: . @prefix ooh-kos: . @base . rdf:type owl:Ontology ; "\"Morales Tirado, Alba\", \"Fernandez, Miriam\"" ; "CC BY 4.0"@en-gb ; "Ontology of Online Gender-based Harms"@en-gb ; "\"en\"" ; "ooh" ; rdfs:comment "The ontology aims to formalise and integrate diverse conceptualisations of online harms, grounded in empirical evidence, stakeholder engagement, and iterative feedback loops. Led by the Centre for Protecting Women Online (CPWO) it is developed on the grounds of a collaborative and coordinated work across domains and sectors, and provide a reusable resource for researchers, practitioners, and developers aiming to understand, detect, and prevent online gender-based harms."@en-gb ; rdfs:label "Ontology of Online Gender-based Harms"@en-gb ; owl:versionInfo "0.1.0" . ################################################################# # Annotation properties ################################################################# ### http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/creator rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/license rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### http://purl.org/dc/terms/language rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### http://purl.org/dc/terms/preferredNamespacePrefix rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ################################################################# # Object Properties ################################################################# ### http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#inScheme skos:inScheme rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#belongsTo :belongsTo rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :LegislativeClause ; rdfs:range :Legislation ; rdfs:comment "A piece of legislation or an article belongs to a Legislation/Law"@en-gb ; rdfs:label "Belongs to"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#enabledBy :enabledBy rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Act ; rdfs:range [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( :Legislation :Policy :Technology ) ] ; rdfs:label "enabled by"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#ethnicity :ethnicity rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range [ owl:intersectionOf ( skos:Concept [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty skos:inScheme ; owl:hasValue ooh-kos:EthnicityGroup ] ) ; rdf:type owl:Class ] ; rdfs:comment "Ethnicity is wider than race and refers to shared cultural experiences, religious beliefs, traditions, ancestry, language dialect or national origins (e.g., African or Irish). Recommended concept by the Government Statistical Service (GSS)"@en-gb ; rdfs:label "ethnicity"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#gender :gender rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range [ owl:intersectionOf ( skos:Concept [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty skos:inScheme ; owl:hasValue ooh-kos:Gender ] ) ; rdf:type owl:Class ] ; rdfs:label "gender"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#hasActImpactRelationship :hasActImpactRelationship rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Act ; rdfs:range :ActImpactRelationship ; rdfs:label "has act-impact relationship"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#hasActusReus :hasActusReus rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Act ; rdfs:range :ActusReus ; rdfs:label "has actus reus - has a definition in law"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#hasApplicableLegislativeClause :hasApplicableLegislativeClause rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Act ; rdfs:range :LegislativeClause ; rdfs:comment "the act has an applicable legislation"@en-gb ; rdfs:label "has applicable legislative clause"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#hasImpact :hasImpact rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :ActImpactRelationship ; rdfs:range :Impact ; rdfs:comment "the way impact is linked to an act-impact class"@en-gb ; rdfs:label "has Impact"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#hasLegislativeClause :hasLegislativeClause rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Legislation ; rdfs:range :LegislativeClause ; rdfs:label "has legislative clause"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#hasMensRea :hasMensRea rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Act ; rdfs:range :MensRea ; rdfs:label "has mens rea"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#hasMotivation :hasMotivation rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Act ; rdfs:range :Motivation ; rdfs:label "has motivation"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#inContextOf :inContextOf rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Relation ; rdfs:range :Act ; rdfs:label "in the context of"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#inhibitedBy :inhibitedBy rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Act ; rdfs:range [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( :Legislation :Policy :Technology ) ] ; rdfs:label "inhibited by"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#involves :involves rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Relation ; rdfs:range :Agent ; rdfs:label "involves"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#isInfluencedBy :isInfluencedBy rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Act ; rdfs:range :ContextualFactor ; rdfs:label "is influenced by"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#isInvolvedIn :isInvolvedIn rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :AgentRole ; rdfs:range :Act ; rdfs:label "is involved in"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#isMitigatedBy :isMitigatedBy rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Act ; rdfs:range :Intervention ; rdfs:label "is mitigated by"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#legislationApplicability :legislationApplicability rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Legislation ; rdfs:range [ owl:intersectionOf ( skos:Concept [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty skos:inScheme ; owl:hasValue ooh-kos:LegislationApplicability ] ) ; rdf:type owl:Class ] ; rdfs:label "legislation applicability"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#legislationScope :legislationScope rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Legislation ; rdfs:range [ owl:intersectionOf ( skos:Concept [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty skos:inScheme ; owl:hasValue ooh-kos:LegislationScope ] ) ; rdf:type owl:Class ] ; rdfs:label "legislation scope"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#legislationType :legislationType rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Legislation ; rdfs:range [ owl:intersectionOf ( skos:Concept [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty skos:inScheme ; owl:hasValue ooh-kos:LegislationType ] ) ; rdf:type owl:Class ] ; rdfs:label "legislation type"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#motivationType :motivationType rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Motivation ; rdfs:range [ owl:intersectionOf ( skos:Concept [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty skos:inScheme ; owl:hasValue ooh-kos:MotivationType ] ) ; rdf:type owl:Class ] . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#occursIn :occursIn rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Act ; rdfs:range :Space ; rdfs:label "occurs in"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#playsAgentRole :playsAgentRole rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Agent ; rdfs:range :AgentRole ; rdfs:label "plays agent role"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#relationScope :relationScope rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Relation ; rdfs:range [ owl:intersectionOf ( skos:Concept [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty skos:inScheme ; owl:hasValue ooh-kos:RelationScope ] ) ; rdf:type owl:Class ] ; rdfs:label "relation scope"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#religiousAffiliation :religiousAffiliation rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range [ owl:intersectionOf ( skos:Concept [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty skos:inScheme ; owl:hasValue ooh-kos:ReligiousAffiliation ] ) ; rdf:type owl:Class ] ; rdfs:comment "Religious affiliation is the connection or identification with a religion irrespective of actual practice or belief by the agent. Recommended concept by the Government Statistical Service (GSS)"@en-gb ; rdfs:label "religion"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#roleType :roleType rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :AgentRole ; rdfs:range [ owl:intersectionOf ( skos:Concept [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty skos:inScheme ; owl:hasValue ooh-kos:AgentRoleType ] ) ; rdf:type owl:Class ] ; rdfs:label "role type"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#sensitiveAttributeActImpactRelationship :sensitiveAttributeActImpactRelationship rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :ActImpactRelationship ; rdfs:range [ owl:intersectionOf ( skos:Concept [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty skos:inScheme ; owl:hasValue ooh-kos:SensitiveAttributes ] ) ; rdf:type owl:Class ] ; rdfs:label "sensitive attribute act-impact relationship"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#severityActImpact :severityActImpact rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :ActImpactRelationship ; rdfs:range [ owl:intersectionOf ( skos:Concept [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty skos:inScheme ; owl:hasValue ooh-kos:SeverityActImpact ] ) ; rdf:type owl:Class ] ; rdfs:comment "This is a concept that is not linked to a definition in law but to the perspective of the victims and the act"@en-gb ; rdfs:label "severity act impact relationship"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#sexualOrientation :sexualOrientation rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range [ owl:intersectionOf ( skos:Concept [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty skos:inScheme ; owl:hasValue ooh-kos:SexualOrientation ] ) ; rdf:type owl:Class ] ; rdfs:label "Sexual Orientation"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#trackedBy :trackedBy rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Act ; rdfs:range :TrackingAction ; rdfs:label "tracked by"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#typeOfRelation :typeOfRelation rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Relation ; rdfs:range [ owl:intersectionOf ( skos:Concept [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty skos:inScheme ; owl:hasValue ooh-kos:TypeOfRelation ] ) ; rdf:type owl:Class ] ; rdfs:label "type of relation"@en-gb . ################################################################# # Data properties ################################################################# ### hhttps://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#directActImpact rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain :ActImpactRelationship ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean ; rdfs:comment "direct impact or indirect impact"@en-gb ; rdfs:label "direct"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#actImpactHasOccurred :actImpactHasOccurred rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain :ActImpactRelationship ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean ; rdfs:label "act-impact has occurred"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#agentRoleDescription :agentRoleDescription rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain :AgentRole ; rdfs:range xsd:string ; rdfs:label "agent role description"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#disability :disability rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean ; rdfs:label "disability"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#endActImpactRelationship :endActImpactRelationship rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain :ActImpactRelationship ; rdfs:comment "the end moment, when the impact finishes"@en-gb ; rdfs:label "end act-impact relationship"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#endAgentRole :endAgentRole rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain :AgentRole ; rdfs:label "end agent role"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#endTrackingAction :endTrackingAction rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain :TrackingAction ; rdfs:label "end tracking action"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#hasDescription :hasDescription rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain :Act ; rdfs:range xsd:string ; rdfs:label "has definition"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#intentionalActImpact :intentionalActImpact rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain :ActImpactRelationship ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean ; rdfs:label "intentional act-impact"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#otherNames :otherNames rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain :Act ; rdfs:range xsd:string ; rdfs:label "other names"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#relationDescripton :relationDescripton rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain :Relation ; rdfs:range xsd:string ; rdfs:label "relation description"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#startActImpactRelationship :startActImpactRelationship rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain :ActImpactRelationship ; rdfs:label "start act-impact relationship"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#startAgentRole :startAgentRole rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain :AgentRole ; rdfs:label "start agent role"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#startTrackingAction :startTrackingAction rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain :TrackingAction ; rdfs:label "start tracking action"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#trackingActionDescription :trackingActionDescription rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain :TrackingAction ; rdfs:range xsd:string ; rdfs:label "tracking action description"@en-gb . ################################################################# # Classes ################################################################# ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#AIChildSexualAbuseMaterial rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "AI child sexual abuse material"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#Accountability rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Accountability"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#AlgorithmicBias rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Act ; rdfs:label "AlgorithmicBias"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#BroadcastingOfSexualViolence rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Documentation, sharing or broadcasting of sexual violence (recording & sharing sexual assault/rape)"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#ChildSexualAbuseMaterial rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "child sexual abuse material"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#CivilSocietyCampaigns rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Civil Society Campaigns"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#CollectionOfPrivateIntimateImages rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment "Collection of private intimate images (trading between groups of men e.g. WhatsApp/Telegram groups etc)"@en-gb ; rdfs:label "Collection of private intimate images"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#CommunityResponses rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Intervention ; rdfs:label "Community Responses"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#CreatingCheapfakes rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Creating Sexualised photoshopped images (cheapfakes - not AI)"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#CreatingDeepfakes rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Creating artificially altered intimate images w/o consent (deepfakes)"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#CreatingRealIntimateImagesWithoutConsent rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Creating (real) intimate images w/o consent (recording of sexual assault)."@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#Creepshot rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Creepshot (woman's body or sexually suggestive)"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#CulturalContext rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ContextualFactor ; rdfs:label "Cultural Context"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#Cyberflashing rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment "cyberflashing (sending dick pics)"@en-gb ; rdfs:label "cyberflashing"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#DatingApp rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#DocumentationOfSexualViolence rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Documentation, sharing or broadcasting of sexual violence (recording & sharing sexual assault/rape)"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#Downblousing rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Downblousing"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#EconomicImpact rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Impact ; rdfs:label "Economic Impact"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#Explainability rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Explainability"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#Fairness rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Fairness"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#Forum rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#GamingPlatform rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#Group rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Agent ; rdfs:label "Group"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#HackedImages rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#ImagedBasedSexualAbuseAct rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Act ; rdfs:label "Imaged Based Sexual Abuse" . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#ImprovedPrivacyDesign rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Improve Privacy Design"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#ImprovedSecuritySetting rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Improved Security Setting"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#LeakedImages rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#LegalContext rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ContextualFactor ; rdfs:label "Legal Context"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#MessagingApp rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#OffensiveCommentsOnInternet rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "offensive comments on the internet"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#OfflineSpace rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Space ; owl:disjointWith . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#OnlineSpace rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Space . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#PerformingSexualActsOnWebcomeInappropriate rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Performing sexual acts on webcome inappropriate"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#PerformingSexualActsOnWebcomeWithoutConsent rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Performing sexual acts on webcome w/o consent"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#Person rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Agent ; rdfs:comment "Representation of a person that could play an agent role such as victim, perpetrator, bystander"@en-gb ; rdfs:label "Person"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#PhysicalImpact rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Impact ; rdfs:label "Physical Impact"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#PressuredSexting rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment "Pressured sexting (unwanted non-consensual solicitation for private intimate images)" ; rdfs:label "Pressured sexting"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#ProfessionalNetworks rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#PsychologicalImpact rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Impact ; rdfs:label "Psychological Impact"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#ReputationalImpact rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Impact ; rdfs:label "Reputational Impact"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#ResponsibleTechnologyDesign rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Intervention ; rdfs:label "Responsible Technology Design"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#SelfGeneratedChildSexualAbuseMaterial rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment "self-generated child sexual abuse material (children pressured to make images)"@en-gb ; rdfs:label "self-generated child sexual abuse material"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#Sexploitation rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment "Monetory benefits through trade of non-consensual sexual images also having a longer relationship/connection. Sextortation, is faster, more transactional."@en-gb , "Sexploitation"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#Sextortion rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:comment "sextortion (blackmail to share a real or AI sexual image witout consent."@en-gb ; rdfs:label "Sextortion"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#SharingCheapfakes rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Sharing sexualised photoshopped images (cheapfakes - not AI)"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#SharingDeepfakes rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Sharing artificially altered intimate images w/o consent (deepfakes)"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#SharingIntimateImagesWithoutConsent rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "'Sharing intimate images w/o consent"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#SharingOfSexualViolence rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Documentation, sharing or broadcasting of sexual violence (recording & sharing sexual assault/rape)"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#SocialImpact rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Impact ; rdfs:label "Social Impact"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#SocialNetworkingSite rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#SocietalImpact rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Impact ; rdfs:label "Societal Impact"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#SocioeconomicContext rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ContextualFactor ; rdfs:label "Socioeconomic Context"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#StalkingSurveillanceAct rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Act ; rdfs:label "Stalking and surveillance" . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#StolenImages rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#SupportGroups rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Support Groups"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#System rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Agent ; rdfs:comment "It can be evaluated as an 'instrument'"@en-gb ; rdfs:label "System"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#TechnologicalContext rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ContextualFactor ; rdfs:label "Technological Context"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#TextBasedAbuseAct rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Act ; rdfs:label "Text Based (Sexual) Abuse" . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#ThreateningCommunications rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "threatening communications"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#ThreateningShareIntimateImagesWithoutConsent rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Threatening to share intimate images w/o consent"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#Transparency rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Transparency"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#Upskirting rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Upskirting"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#VideoPlatform rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#VoyeurismThroughCameras rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Voyeurism through cameras (online/laptop/baby monitoring apps)"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#VoyeurismThroughInternetOfThings rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Voyeurism through internet of things (e.g. smart robot hoover - photos of ppl on toilet posted online)"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#Zoom-bombing rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Zoom-bombing"@en-gb . ### http://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ohh#Zoom-flashing rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ; rdfs:label "Zoom-flashing"@en-gb . ### http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#Concept skos:Concept rdf:type owl:Class . ### http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#ConceptScheme skos:ConceptScheme rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :ethnicity ; owl:minQualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; owl:onClass skos:Concept ] , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :roleType ; owl:minQualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; owl:onClass skos:Concept ] . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#Act :Act rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :hasApplicableLegislativeClause ; owl:allValuesFrom :LegislativeClause ] , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :isInfluencedBy ; owl:minQualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; owl:onClass :ContextualFactor ] , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :occursIn ; owl:minQualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; owl:onClass :Space ] ; rdfs:comment "Core class representing the concept of a harmful act. A crime requires both actus reus and mens rea"@en-gb ; rdfs:label "Act"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#ActImpactRelationship :ActImpactRelationship rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:comment "A class to represent the relationship between Act and Impact. An act could derive in an impact or not, it can be directed, intentional, have a severity, have a period when it ocurred and directed to a certain person/group identified by their [sensitive attributes]."@en-gb ; rdfs:label "Act Impact Relationship"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#ActusReus :ActusReus rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:comment "Every act has or not a formal definittion in the law. E.g., Revenge porn is not defined in the law, but activities such as creation and distribution are captured in the law and therefore these acts are illegal"@en-gb ; rdfs:label "Actus Reus"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#Agent :Agent rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Agent"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#AgentRole :AgentRole rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Agent Role"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#ContextualFactor :ContextualFactor rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Contextual Factor"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#Impact :Impact rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:comment "The effect of the act on the victim(s)"@en-gb ; rdfs:label "Impact"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#Intervention :Intervention rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:comment "Actions taken to minimise or eliminate harms or acts that cause harm"@en-gb ; rdfs:label "Intervention"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#Legislation :Legislation rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Legislation"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#LegislativeClause :LegislativeClause rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Legislative Clause"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#MensRea :MensRea rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:comment "Three main types of intention identified: intent/recklessness/knowledge. There can be more and depends on the particular legal case."@en-gb ; rdfs:label "Mens Rea"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#Motivation :Motivation rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:comment "The reason for doing something, even when it is not achieved"@en-gb ; rdfs:label "Motivation"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#Policy :Policy rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Policy"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#Relation :Relation rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:comment "Relation"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#Space :Space rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Space"@en-gb . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#Technology :Technology rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Technology" . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/ooh#TrackingAction :TrackingAction rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:comment "Tracking Action"@en-gb . ################################################################# # Individuals ################################################################# ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/kos/AgentRoleType ooh-kos:AgentRoleType rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual , skos:ConceptScheme . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/kos/EthnicityGroup ooh-kos:EthnicityGroup rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual , skos:ConceptScheme . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/kos/Gender ooh-kos:Gender rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual , skos:ConceptScheme . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/kos/LegislationApplicability ooh-kos:LegislationApplicability rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual , skos:ConceptScheme . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/kos/LegislationScope ooh-kos:LegislationScope rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual , skos:ConceptScheme . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/kos/LegislationType ooh-kos:LegislationType rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual , skos:ConceptScheme . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/kos/MotivationType ooh-kos:MotivationType rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual , skos:ConceptScheme . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/kos/RelationScope ooh-kos:RelationScope rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual , skos:ConceptScheme . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/kos/ReligiousAffiliation ooh-kos:ReligiousAffiliation rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual , skos:ConceptScheme . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/kos/SensitiveAttributes ooh-kos:SensitiveAttributes rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual , skos:ConceptScheme . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/kos/SeverityActImpact ooh-kos:SeverityActImpact rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual , skos:ConceptScheme . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/kos/SexualOrientation ooh-kos:SexualOrientation rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual , skos:ConceptScheme . ### https://cpwo.open.ac.uk/ontology/kos/TypeOfRelation ooh-kos:TypeOfRelation rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual , skos:ConceptScheme . ################################################################# # Annotations ################################################################# xsd:date rdfs:comment "Criminal law"@en-gb ; rdfs:label "criminal"@en-gb . ### Generated by the OWL API (version 4.5.29.2024-05-13T12:11:03Z) https://github.com/owlcs/owlapi